Detecting & Managing Glaucoma: Key Steps for Preserving Sight

Glaucoma is often called the “silent thief of sight” because it develops gradually and without noticeable symptoms in its early stages. By the time vision loss becomes apparent, significant damage may have already occurred. However, early detection and proper management can help slow or prevent further vision impairment.
 

What is Glaucoma?

Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, usually due to increased intraocular pressure (IOP). There are several types of glaucoma, but the two most common are:

• Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: The most common form, characterized by gradual vision loss due to inefficient fluid drainage in the eye.

• Angle-Closure Glaucoma: A less common but more severe form that develops suddenly when fluid drainage is blocked, leading to rapid pressure buildup and potential vision loss.
   

Because glaucoma-related vision loss is irreversible, early detection is essential.
 

How is Glaucoma Detected?

The best way to detect glaucoma is through comprehensive eye exams, which include:

• Tonometry: Measures intraocular pressure to identify potential abnormalities.

• Ophthalmoscopy: Evaluates the optic nerve for signs of damage.

• Perimetry (Visual Field Test): Assesses peripheral vision to detect blind spots caused by glaucoma.

• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Provides detailed imaging of the optic nerve and retina to monitor structural changes over time.
   

Individuals over 40, those with a family history of glaucoma, or individuals with conditions such as diabetes or high blood pressure should schedule annual eye exams to screen for early signs of the disease.
 

Managing Glaucoma for Long-Term Eye Health

While glaucoma cannot be cured, it can be effectively managed to prevent significant vision loss. Various treatment options are available, each designed to help control intraocular pressure and slow the progression of the disease.
 

One of the most common treatment methods is prescription eye drops, which work by either reducing the production of fluid in the eye or improving its drainage. These drops are often the first line of defense in glaucoma management and require consistent use to be effective.
 

In some cases, oral medications may be prescribed when eye drops alone do not sufficiently control eye pressure. These medications help regulate fluid production in the eye, but they may come with systemic side effects that require careful monitoring by an eye care professional.
 

For patients who need additional intervention, laser therapy can be an effective option. Procedures such as selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) help improve fluid drainage, reducing intraocular pressure. This treatment is often recommended when medications are not enough to manage the condition.
 

When other treatments prove ineffective, surgical intervention may be necessary. Procedures like trabeculectomy or minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) can create new drainage pathways, helping to lower eye pressure and preserve vision.
 

Regardless of the treatment approach, following an individualized treatment plan and adhering to prescribed medications are critical steps in preventing vision loss. Routine follow-ups with an eye doctor ensure that the condition remains under control and that adjustments can be made as needed.
 

Schedule Your Next Eye Exam with Neighborhood Eye Doctors Today

Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness, but with early detection and proactive management, vision loss can often be slowed or prevented. Regular eye exams are the best defense against this condition.
 

At Neighborhood Eye Doctors, we provide comprehensive glaucoma screenings and personalized treatment plans to help protect your vision. Visit our office in Spring, Texas, or call (254) 256-2200 to schedule your eye exam and take control of your eye health.